Decoding Prostate Cancer: Treatments and the impact on sexual health

If you have prostate cancer, one solution doesn’t suit everyone. Each patient’s situation is unique and treatment is tailored to suit the person. There are several effective treatments including surgery, radiation therapy and hormone therapy. While these treatments can save lives, they can come with side effects. Two common concerns are urinary incontinence and reduced sexual function. Looking at the benefits and risks will help you select the best treatment for you.

Option One: Surgery

What is it?

This is the main treatment for prostate cancer that has not spread beyond the prostate. A procedure called a radical prostatectomy is completed by either Open, Laparoscopic or Robotic-assisted surgery.

Common Concerns

Immediate intervention: Surgery involves removing the prostate gland. It is extremely hard to preserve the nerves controlling sexual function so this procedure can disrupt the nerves.

Incontinence: After surgery you can have urinary incontinence that can last for a couple of weeks to up to a year

Impotence risk: Around 50-60% of patients experience impotence or reduced sexual function after surgery.

Recovery: After surgery, every patient faces impotence. However, about 40% of patients regain sexual function within 6-12 months. It should be noted that some people may need more support through medications and or injections.

Option Two: Radiation

What is it?

This treatment can be used in men with early prostate cancer that has not spread. Radiation is also used in combination with other treatments or if the cancer has returned.

Common Concerns

Nerve preservation: Unlike surgery, radiation therapy does not damage the nerves around the prostate. It is a slower process given over several weeks of treatment. Usually, your sexual health is maintained.

Long-term outlook: If you are sexually active when treatment beings, you should continue to be. Sexual function may reduce over the years with age.

The support you need in making the right decision

When making your decision, consult a urologist and a radiation oncologist. Their combined expertise will give you a good evaluation. When both specialists agree on a treatment, you’ll know it’s right for you.

You are not alone in this journey. Reach out to your healthcare team, ask questions about the impact on your sexual health. Together, we’ll look at the options and find the best treatment for you and your cancer.

Some helpful questions to ask your healthcare team

• When might these changes occur and how long might these problems last? Will they last forever?
• How can I prevent, treat or manage these problems?
• What do I need to do during treatment? Do I need to use a condom to protect my partner? Do I need to use other contraception?
• If I want to have kids after the treatment what are my options?
• Is there a support group you suggest?

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